Borneo-Orang-Utan

(Jrt)

Borneo-Orang-Utan
The Borneo orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus) is a Menschenaffenart. Together with the Sumatran orang-utan is the genus of orang-utans. He is endemic to Borneo.

Characteristics
Borneo orang-utans share with their relatives sumatranischen the baumbewohnende a way of life adapted physique: the arms are very long, hakenförmig the hands, thumbs short and close to the carpal localized, the short, moving handähnlichen legs and feet. They are somewhat stämmiger built and heavier than the Sumatran orang-utans. Other differences lie in the long coat, dark colored and brownish, and in particular the Backenwülsten older males: they grow outward and are nearly hairless. In addition, the beard usually shorter and the throat sack of older males greater. With up to 90 kilograms of the males are much bigger than the females, up to 50 kilograms.

Way of life
Borneo orang-utans are diurnal forest dwellers to sleep build a nest leaves, which is usually used only once. You climb slowly with all four limbs or swing on the branches. In particular, males are also forays on the ground - significantly more than their sumatranischen relatives, was the lack of Tiger on Borneo is.

They are usually alone and is einzelgängerischer as Sumatran orang-utans. Males and females try to establish fixed territories, particularly younger animals spend their lives but as a hiker, without ever umherstreifen area. Tool they use is much less likely than their sumatranischen relatives.

Borneo orang-utans are herbivores, mainly fruit, but also of leaves, young shoots and tree bark to feed.

Threat and protection

The Borneo orang-utan is one of the most endangered species. Main reason is the loss of its habitat, the forests are used for timber production or establishing agricultural land (such as palm oil) to a large extent cleared. In addition, the hunting and illegal trade in young animals, which are kept as pets. Verschärft these factors by the slow reproduction rate of the animals: it brings a female only every four to eight years a young animal to the world.

Their distribution area is heavily reduced and fragmented, whole, but still way more frequently than the Sumatran orang-utan. Estimates of the total stock are difficult and range from 15,000 to 44,000 animals. The IUCN lists the species as high risk (endangered).

The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation, briefly BOS, maintains two Auswilderungszentren, Wanariset in Eastern and Nyaru Menteng in Central Kalimantan on Borneo, as well as the afforestation project Samboja Lestari, in the rain forest as a natural habitat for up to 2000 orang-utans and other species native to Borneo arise. More protected areas and centres are among others-in Gunung Palung National Park, Tanjung-Puting National Park, in Kutai National Park (all Indonesian part) and the Sepilok-Naturreservet in Sandakan in Malaysia.

Systematics
Were the past two orangutan populations in Borneo and Sumatra as a kind of sub-species together, they are today because of differences in physique and way of life as two separate species. The Borneo orang-utan is available in two or three sub-species: Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus in the north-west of the island, P. p. morio in the northeast and east (this subspecies, however, sometimes combined with pygmaeus) and P. p. wurmbiiim southwest. The types are in Schadelbau.

Read also Orang-utan

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